Table of Contents
বিসিএস প্রস্ততি ইংরেজী সাহিত্য- Remarkable Events of Different Periods।
বিসিএস প্রস্ততি ইংরেজী সাহিত্য অত্যন্ত গুরুত্বপুর্ন, ইংরেজী সাহিত্যে ভাল প্রস্ততি থাকলে খুব সহজেই ভাল করা সম্ভব। এই পোষ্টে ইংরেজী সাহিত্যের উল্যেখযোগ্য সময়কাল নিয়ে আলোচনা করা হয়েছে।
প্রাচীন ইংরেজী সাহিত্য বা এ্যাঙ্গলো স্যাক্সন পিরিয়ড-Old English or the Anglo Saxon Period (450—1066)
বিসিএস প্রস্ততি ইংরেজী সাহিত্য: Old English or The Anglo Jutes, Angles and Saxons came to England from Germany, conquered the English people and started their reign. So, England came under the control of Jutes, Angles and Saxon. They divided England into seven provinces. Beowulf I was taken by them. Christianity was noticeable in England. Alfred the Great encouraged education. Beowulf, The Wanderer and The Seafarer are some famous literary works. Caedmon and Bede were writers in this period.
মধ্যযুগীয় সাহিত্য-Middle English Period (1066—1500)
বিসিএস প্রস্ততি ইংরেজী সাহিত্য: The establishment of English parliament was traceable. Crusade, the religious discord took place between Muslims and Christians. Printing press was established by William Caxton. English Church was reformed by John Wyclif. Translation of The Bible into English by John Wycliffe and Canterbury Tales by Chaucer are famous literary works in this period.
রেনেসা পিরিয়ড-Renaissance Period (1500—1660)
বিসিএস প্রস্ততি ইংরেজী সাহিত্য: Renaissance spirit was the wheeling force. Dynastic and political confusion came to an end. Religious conflict also came to an end. Various types of inventions took place in this period. The writers started their writings without the intervention of The Church. Scientific discoveries were traceable. The autocracy of the Pope was challenged by Martin Luther.
বিসিএস প্রস্ততি ইংরেজী সাহিত্য: প্রধান লেখক ও তাদের সাহিত্য- Major writers and their works:
Edmund Spenser (1552-1599): The Faerie Queene (1590)
Sir Philip Sidney (1554-1586) An Apology for Poetry (1595)
Christopher Marlowe (1564-1593): Dr. Faustus (1592), Edward II (1591)
William Shakespeare (1564-1616). He wrote 37 plays and 154 sonnets. Romeo and Juliet, Julius Caesar, As You Like It, Hamlet, The Merchant of Venice, The Comedy of Errors are remarkable works of Shakespeare.
Francis Bacon (1561-1626). He is famous for his Essays Ben Jonson (1573-1637). Every Man in His Humor is his famous book.
বিসিএস প্রস্ততি ইংরেজী সাহিত্য: The Neoclassical Period (1660—1785)
This age was influenced by the ancient Greek and Roman tradition. Human beings are given most importance. ‘Art for humanity’s sake’ was the main literary slogan in this period. Milton’s Paradise lost, Congrerve’s The Way of the World and John Bunyan’s Pilgrim’s Progress are mentionable literary works.
রোমান্টিক পিরিয়ড-The Romantic Period (1798–1832)
Through the publication of Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads the Romantic age started. The conventional social pattern started changing. Industrial development was traceable. A dramatic change took place in the subject and style in English literature. William Wordsworth, Coleridge, Shelley, Keats and Byron were the dazzling poets in this period.
ভিক্টোরিয়ান পিরিয়ড-The Victorian Period (1832 —1901)
Many radical changes took place in this period. Slaves were declared free. The right of children, laborer and women was preserved. A revolutionary development took place in industrial sectors. Scientific invention changed the traditional view of life. The development of capitalism was noticeable. Karl Mark’s ‘Dialectical Materialism’ contributed to change the economy. Tennyson, Robert Browning, Mathew Arnold, Charles Dickens, Emily Bronte, George Eliot and Thomas Hardy are famous writers of this age.
আধুনিক পিরিয়ড-The Modern Period (1901—1939)
Disorder and aggression became very common. The development of . Imperialism was a major concern of this period. The appearance of socialism and its influence on English life was traceable. A woman’s voting right was given priority. The two destructive world wars broke out and caused human miseries. George Bernard Shaw, William Butler Yeats, Bertrand Russell, David Herbert Lawrence, Edward Morgan Forester, T.S Eliot and Somerset Maugham are celebrated writers of this age.
